{"id":1332,"date":"2026-04-24T17:51:17","date_gmt":"2026-04-24T14:51:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/?page_id=1332"},"modified":"2026-04-24T18:00:45","modified_gmt":"2026-04-24T15:00:45","slug":"%e2%84%96-3-12-2025","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/?page_id=1332","title":{"rendered":"\u2116 3 (12) &#8211; 2025"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1332\" class=\"elementor elementor-1332\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-705145d elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"705145d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ca7e9bd\" data-id=\"ca7e9bd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e745fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5e745fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.7 - 03-07-2022 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading 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elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-332d457 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"332d457\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0416\u0423\u0420\u041d\u0410\u041b \u042e\u0420\u0418\u0414\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0419 \u0410\u041d\u0422\u0420\u041e\u041f\u041e\u041b\u041e\u0413\u0418\u0418 \u0418 \u041a\u041e\u041d\u0424\u041b\u0418\u041a\u0422\u041e\u041b\u041e\u0413\u0418\u0418<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a0bec86 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a0bec86\" data-element_type=\"section\" 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elementor-element-4582dc7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4582dc7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-63b91cd\" data-id=\"63b91cd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d67a69e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d67a69e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.7 - 03-07-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"723\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/z_447_JLAC_03_2025_\u043e\u0431\u043b_page-0001-723x1024.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/z_447_JLAC_03_2025_\u043e\u0431\u043b_page-0001-723x1024.jpg 723w, https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/z_447_JLAC_03_2025_\u043e\u0431\u043b_page-0001-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/z_447_JLAC_03_2025_\u043e\u0431\u043b_page-0001-768x1088.jpg 768w, https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/z_447_JLAC_03_2025_\u043e\u0431\u043b_page-0001-1085x1536.jpg 1085w, https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/z_447_JLAC_03_2025_\u043e\u0431\u043b_page-0001-1446x2048.jpg 1446w, https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/z_447_JLAC_03_2025_\u043e\u0431\u043b_page-0001-scaled.jpg 1808w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5f10edd\" data-id=\"5f10edd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d6c1c0b elementor-tabs-alignment-center elementor-tabs-view-horizontal elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs\" data-id=\"d6c1c0b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.7 - 03-07-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-view-vertical 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.elementor-tab-title{cursor:pointer;outline:var(--focus-outline,none)}.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-desktop-title{position:relative;padding:20px 25px;font-weight:700;line-height:1;border:solid transparent}.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-desktop-title.elementor-active{border-color:#d4d4d4}.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-desktop-title.elementor-active:after,.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-desktop-title.elementor-active:before{display:block;content:\"\";position:absolute}.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-mobile-title{padding:10px;cursor:pointer}.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-content{padding:20px;display:none}@media (max-width:767px){.elementor-tabs .elementor-tab-content,.elementor-tabs .elementor-tab-title{border-style:solid solid none}.elementor-tabs .elementor-tabs-wrapper{display:none}.elementor-tabs .elementor-tabs-content-wrapper{border-bottom-style:solid}.elementor-tabs .elementor-tab-content{padding:10px}}@media (min-width:768px){.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-view-vertical .elementor-tabs{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-view-vertical .elementor-tabs-wrapper{-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column}.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-view-vertical .elementor-tabs-content-wrapper{-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;border-style:solid solid solid none}.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-view-horizontal .elementor-tab-content{border-style:none solid solid}.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-alignment-center .elementor-tabs-wrapper,.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-alignment-end .elementor-tabs-wrapper,.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-alignment-stretch .elementor-tabs-wrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-alignment-center .elementor-tabs-wrapper{-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center}.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-alignment-end .elementor-tabs-wrapper{-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;justify-content:flex-end}.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-alignment-stretch.elementor-tabs-view-horizontal .elementor-tab-title{width:100%}.elementor-widget-tabs.elementor-tabs-alignment-stretch.elementor-tabs-view-vertical .elementor-tab-title{height:100%}.elementor-tabs .elementor-tab-mobile-title{display:none}}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2251\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2251\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\u0420\u0423\u0421<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-2252\" class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2252\" aria-expanded=\"false\">ENG<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tabs-content-wrapper\" role=\"tablist\" aria-orientation=\"vertical\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2251\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\u0420\u0423\u0421<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2251\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2251\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"false\"><p><strong><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0421\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">&#8211;<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 <\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u00ab<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0416\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u00bb \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0438<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0441<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">2022<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0432<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">4<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0432<\/span> <\/strong><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\"><strong>\u0433\u043e\u0434.<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0412 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043d\u0430<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043f\u043e<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0434\u043b\u044f<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0416\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">,<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">,<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">,<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">,<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0420\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0416\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043a\u043e<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">&#8211;<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f <\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0432<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">,<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0430<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043f\u043e<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e <\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">&#8211;<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-2252\" aria-expanded=\"false\">ENG<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-2252\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-2252\" tabindex=\"0\" hidden=\"hidden\"><p><strong><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">Networking scienti<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">fi<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">c and practical edition <\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">\u201cJournal of Legal Anthropology and Con<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">fl<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">ictology\u201d is a r<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">eviewed scienti<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">fi<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">c journal, which is p<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">ublished since December, 2022 (<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">4 issues released per year).<\/span><\/strong><\/p><p><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">The Journal accepts for publication scienti<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">fi<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">c issues in Russian and English languages on the current problems of the juridical science.<\/span><\/p><p><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">The priority areas of research<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">for the Journal are the issues of legal anthropology and con<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">fl<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">ictology, theory, history and <\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">philosophy of law, comparative law, juridical methodology.<\/span><\/p><p><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">The editorial board of the Journal highly appreciates and supports<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">the legal-anthropological and con<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">fl<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">ictological research <\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">in various<\/span> <span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">fi<\/span><span dir=\"ltr\" role=\"presentation\">elds of legal sciences, as well as multidisciplinary works on the study of governmental and legal reality.<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ab617e4\" data-id=\"ab617e4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-614e783 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-creative-button\" data-id=\"614e783\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-creative-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"eael-creative-button-wrapper\">\n\n            <a class=\"eael-creative-button eael-creative-button--default\" href=\"mailto:jourlac@mail.ru\" data-text=\"\">\n\n                <div class=\"creative-button-inner\">\n\n                    \n                    <span class=\"cretive-button-text\">\u041e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044e<\/span>\n\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e111f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-creative-button\" data-id=\"7e111f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-creative-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"eael-creative-button-wrapper\">\n\n            <a class=\"eael-creative-button eael-creative-button--default\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/?page_id=143\" target=\"_blank _blank\" data-text=\"\">\n\n                <div class=\"creative-button-inner\">\n\n                    \n                    <span class=\"cretive-button-text\">\u0420\u0435\u0434\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u044f<\/span>\n\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba1fb74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-creative-button\" data-id=\"ba1fb74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-creative-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"eael-creative-button-wrapper\">\n\n            <a class=\"eael-creative-button eael-creative-button--default\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/?page_id=151\" target=\"_blank _blank\" data-text=\"\">\n\n                <div class=\"creative-button-inner\">\n\n                    \n                    <span class=\"cretive-button-text\">\u0418\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432<\/span>\n\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0ec51d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-creative-button\" data-id=\"0ec51d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-creative-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"eael-creative-button-wrapper\">\n\n            <a class=\"eael-creative-button eael-creative-button--default\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/?page_id=153\" target=\"_blank _blank\" data-text=\"\">\n\n                <div class=\"creative-button-inner\">\n\n                    \n                    <span class=\"cretive-button-text\">\u041f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/span>\n\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1441b74 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-creative-button\" data-id=\"1441b74\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-creative-button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"eael-creative-button-wrapper\">\n\n            <a class=\"eael-creative-button eael-creative-button--default\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/?page_id=155\" target=\"_blank _blank\" data-text=\"\">\n\n                <div class=\"creative-button-inner\">\n\n                    \n                    <span class=\"cretive-button-text\">\u0420\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/span>\n\n                                    <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-af5fdaa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"af5fdaa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-340a62e\" data-id=\"340a62e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3c8485 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b3c8485\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u2116 3 (12) - 2025<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ed6fd7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3ed6fd7\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2b07ed4\" data-id=\"2b07ed4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5206da8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5206da8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435 PDF:<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc400eb elementor-view-stacked elementor-shape-circle elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"cc400eb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/z_447_JLAC_03_2025_\u0444\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b_\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-pdf2\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ba2a83 elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon elementor-view-default elementor-widget-divider--element-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"9ba2a83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.6.7 - 03-07-2022 *\/\n.elementor-widget-divider{--divider-border-style:none;--divider-border-width:1px;--divider-color:#2c2c2c;--divider-icon-size:20px;--divider-element-spacing:10px;--divider-pattern-height:24px;--divider-pattern-size:20px;--divider-pattern-url:none;--divider-pattern-repeat:repeat-x}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{font-size:15px;line-height:1;max-width:95%}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__element{margin:0 var(--divider-element-spacing);-ms-flex-negative:0;flex-shrink:0}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-icon{font-size:var(--divider-icon-size)}.elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider-separator{display:-webkit-box;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin:0;direction:ltr}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator{-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center}.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text .elementor-divider-separator:before{display:block;content:\"\";border-bottom:0;-webkit-box-flex:1;-ms-flex-positive:1;flex-grow:1;border-top:var(--divider-border-width) var(--divider-border-style) var(--divider-color)}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:first-of-type{-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex-positive:0;flex-grow:0;-ms-flex-negative:100;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider-separator:before{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-left .elementor-divider__element{margin-left:0}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider .elementor-divider-separator>.elementor-divider__svg:last-of-type{-webkit-box-flex:0;-ms-flex-positive:0;flex-grow:0;-ms-flex-negative:100;flex-shrink:100}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider-separator:after{content:none}.elementor-widget-divider--element-align-right .elementor-divider__element{margin-right:0}.elementor-widget-divider:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_text):not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line_icon) .elementor-divider-separator{border-top:var(--divider-border-width) var(--divider-border-style) var(--divider-color)}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern{--divider-border-style:none}.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern.elementor-widget-divider--view-line .elementor-divider-separator,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:after,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not(.elementor-widget-divider--view-line) .elementor-divider-separator:before,.elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern:not([class*=elementor-widget-divider--view]) .elementor-divider-separator{width:100%;min-height:var(--divider-pattern-height);-webkit-mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;mask-size:var(--divider-pattern-size) 100%;-webkit-mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);mask-repeat:var(--divider-pattern-repeat);background-color:var(--divider-color);-webkit-mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url);mask-image:var(--divider-pattern-url)}.elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing{--divider-pattern-size:auto}.elementor-widget-divider--bg-round{--divider-pattern-repeat:round}.rtl .elementor-widget-divider .elementor-divider__text{direction:rtl}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon elementor-divider__element\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-book-open\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a0f77fd elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile\" data-id=\"a0f77fd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d935fdc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d935fdc\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-19da2ec\" data-id=\"19da2ec\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9dc8c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e9dc8c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0413\u041b\u0410\u0412\u041d\u042b\u0419 \u0420\u0415\u0414\u0410\u041a\u0422\u041e\u0420<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9f124ed elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9f124ed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"481\" height=\"617\" src=\"https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/WhatsApp-Image-2022-01-12-at-14.58.22-1.jpeg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/WhatsApp-Image-2022-01-12-at-14.58.22-1.jpeg 481w, https:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/WhatsApp-Image-2022-01-12-at-14.58.22-1-234x300.jpeg 234w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 481px) 100vw, 481px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a9da87 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a9da87\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041c\u0430\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0430<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0857e0d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0857e0d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-654e01f\" data-id=\"654e01f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d314871 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d314871\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041a\u041e\u041d\u0424\u041b\u0418\u041a\u0422\u041e\u041b\u041e\u0413\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u0418\u0415 \u041f\u0420\u041e\u0411\u041b\u0415\u041c\u042b \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u0410<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ee019cf elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ee019cf\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e841386\" data-id=\"e841386\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-50651ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"50651ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041a \u0412\u041e\u041f\u0420\u041e\u0421\u0423 \u041e \u0424\u0423\u041d\u041a\u0426\u0418\u042f\u0425 \u0421\u041e\u0426\u0418\u0410\u041b\u042c\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041a\u041e\u041d\u0424\u041b\u0418\u041a\u0422\u0410 (\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438)<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7976df9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7976df9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-71e9eb7\" data-id=\"71e9eb7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a71236d elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"a71236d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-tb-author-meta\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-54d66e4\" data-id=\"54d66e4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-008e9f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"008e9f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0410. \u0412. \u0413\u043b\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0415. \u0410. \u041f\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0430 <\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f3f2cf\" data-id=\"2f3f2cf\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ba94df2 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"ba94df2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-fbd4fd1\" data-id=\"fbd4fd1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff2bac8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff2bac8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">7-20<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2d2f85a\" data-id=\"2d2f85a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-295d960 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"295d960\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0413\u043b\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u0410.-\u0412.-\u041f\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0430-\u0415.-\u0410.-\u041a-\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443-\u043e-\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445-\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f25a55f\" data-id=\"f25a55f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-152a67b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"152a67b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0413\u043b\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u0410.-\u0412.-\u041f\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0430-\u0415.-\u0410.-\u041a-\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0443-\u043e-\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0445-\u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b2c3051 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"b2c3051\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-b2c3051\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"b2c3051\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043e\u043a \u043a \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u2013 \u0420. \u0414\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u0444. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044c \u0442\u0430\u0431\u0443\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442, \u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u044c \u0441\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0443.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>The article is devoted to the study of theoretical and methodological prerequisites for the emergence of an independent theory of social conflict, the main merit in the research of which belongs to Ralf Dahrendorf. The main line of discussions around the problems of social conflict has always been and still remains its functional role in social systems. The authors of the article caution against attempts of tabooing the conflict again, stigmatizing it as an exclusively destructive and undesirable phenomenon, especially in a situation of serious challenges to national and international stability. On the contrary, the conflict only signals that emerging contradictions must be resolved in a timely manner, opening the way for social development and public progress.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b583ba1 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"b583ba1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f2a360e\" data-id=\"f2a360e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-78ad225 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"78ad225\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4848fde\" data-id=\"4848fde\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d2a74ff elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d2a74ff\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-38a494d\" data-id=\"38a494d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cf15e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1cf15e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0410\u0424\u0424\u0415\u041a\u0422\u0418\u0412\u041d\u041e-\u0426\u0415\u041d\u041d\u041e\u0421\u0422\u041d\u042b\u0415 \u0424\u0410\u041a\u0422\u041e\u0420\u042b \u041a\u041e\u041d\u0424\u041b\u0418\u041a\u0422\u0410 \u0418 \u0412\u041e\u0417\u041c\u041e\u0416\u041d\u041e\u0421\u0422\u0418 \u041c\u0415\u0414\u0418\u0410\u0426\u0418\u0418 \u0412 \u0418\u0425 \u0422\u0420\u0410\u041d\u0421\u0424\u041e\u0420\u041c\u0410\u0426\u0418\u0418 \u041a\u0410\u041a \u0418\u041d\u0421\u0422\u0420\u0423\u041c\u0415\u041d\u0422 \u0420\u0410\u0411\u041e\u0422\u042b \u0421 \u041d\u0418\u041c\u0418<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c8e1f2c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c8e1f2c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c44dd62\" data-id=\"c44dd62\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44c38e5 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"44c38e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-tb-author-meta\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-997a9db\" data-id=\"997a9db\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67f96de elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"67f96de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0415. \u042e. \n<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c2bfb1f\" data-id=\"c2bfb1f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-323a0d5 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"323a0d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f52c730\" data-id=\"f52c730\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11db472 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"11db472\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">21-31<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-03d0d1f\" data-id=\"03d0d1f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9155494 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"9155494\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u041a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430-\u0415.-\u042e.-\u0410\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e-\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435-\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430-\u0438-\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas 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href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u041a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430-\u0415.-\u042e.-\u0410\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e-\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435-\u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430-\u0438-\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aaa9f60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"aaa9f60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-aaa9f60\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"aaa9f60\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u0423\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043c\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u044b\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u043c\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0438 (\u043a\u0430\u043a \u0443 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432) \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0438. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u043c\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>Successful conflict resolution requires certain conceptual changes, which can be facilitated by both negative and positive emotions. Mediators play an important role in recognizing these emotions and establishing a process for managing them, both in themselves and among the participants. This study aims to theoretically conceptualize the significance of emotions in the process of conflict management during mediation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8546589 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"8546589\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1218b59\" data-id=\"1218b59\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0271d68 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0271d68\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ed34036\" data-id=\"ed34036\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08faa61 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08faa61\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u041e\u0412\u041e\u0415 \u041a\u041e\u041d\u0421\u0422\u0420\u0423\u0418\u0420\u041e\u0412\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1a85ae0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1a85ae0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a984d4a\" data-id=\"a984d4a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b6e31c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7b6e31c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u042e\u0420\u0418\u0414\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u0410\u042f \u041a\u041e\u041d\u0421\u0422\u0420\u0423\u041a\u0426\u0418\u042f \u0418\u0421\u041a\u0423\u0421\u0421\u0422\u0412\u0415\u041d\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0421\u0423\u0411\u042a\u0415\u041a\u0422\u0410 \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u0410  \u2013 \u042e\u0420\u0418\u0414\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041b\u0418\u0426\u0410<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b80c5c4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b80c5c4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e6f46fc\" data-id=\"e6f46fc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6594abb elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"6594abb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-tb-author-meta\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b321fdb\" data-id=\"b321fdb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a74dccb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a74dccb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0410. \u041c. <\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e56f383\" data-id=\"e56f383\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1cd815 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"e1cd815\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7581f8a\" data-id=\"7581f8a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5084e38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5084e38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">32-38<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-66c76b2\" data-id=\"66c76b2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-414ef64 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"414ef64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432-\u0410.-\u041c.-\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f-\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u0441\u0443\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430-\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-09c0e0a\" data-id=\"09c0e0a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aaa5d21 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aaa5d21\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432-\u0410.-\u041c.-\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f-\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u0441\u0443\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430-\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-984e1bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"984e1bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-984e1bd\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"984e1bd\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u0412\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430. \u0412\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u0447\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0440 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043c. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434, \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043a \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u0437\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0435 \u2013 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>In many well-known legal constructions, the legal construction of an artificial subject of law has a special scientific, theoretical and practical significance both for the purposes of the educational process in training lawyers and for the purposes of law enforcement. For almost a century and a half, the issue of the legal capacity of a legal entity has been debated, the solution to which in the laws of different states is not the same, including in relation to its governing body. In Russian law, enterprises, institutions and organizations are recognized as participants in private and public law relations, which have their own characteristics and involve the normative consolidation of elements of the status of their participants, the establishment of certain procedures and the attribution of legal significance to the relevant facts. The methods of historical and legal research, formal legal analysis and generalization allowed us to come to conclusions about the validity of the opinion about the origin of some legal structures at the stage of scientific understanding of legal phenomena, and in the historical and legal aspect \u2013 about the recognition in a number of Soviet regulatory acts of the rights of a legal entity for its governing body.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7173b8e elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"7173b8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-360c7b3\" data-id=\"360c7b3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6eb0a3f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6eb0a3f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4763518\" data-id=\"4763518\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1e7e454 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1e7e454\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d9e1f1f\" data-id=\"d9e1f1f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75213e7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"75213e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041f\u041e\u041d\u042f\u0422\u0418\u0415 \u0418\u041d\u0422\u0423\u0418\u0422\u0418\u0412\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u0410 \u041a\u041b\u0410\u0421\u0421\u0410 \u0412 \u0423\u0427\u0415\u041d\u0418\u0418 \u041c. \u0410. \u0420\u0415\u0419\u0421\u041d\u0415\u0420\u0410: \u041a\u0420\u0418\u0422\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0415 \u041e\u0421\u041c\u042b\u0421\u041b\u0415\u041d\u0418\u0415\n<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-226504d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"226504d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3b5d792\" data-id=\"3b5d792\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52457e7 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"52457e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-tb-author-meta\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a97541a\" data-id=\"a97541a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4588cbd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4588cbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0410. \u041c.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6613e7a\" data-id=\"6613e7a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2098099 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"2098099\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c91e05f\" data-id=\"c91e05f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27506f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"27506f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">39-53<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c87c18c\" data-id=\"c87c18c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f6adc5 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"6f6adc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432-\u0410.-\u041c.-\u041f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430-\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430-\u0432-\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438-\u041c.-\u0410.-\u0420\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430-\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435-\u043e\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-77b1189\" data-id=\"77b1189\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4faea99 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4faea99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0439\u043b\u043e\u0432-\u0410.-\u041c.-\u041f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430-\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430-\u0432-\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438-\u041c.-\u0410.-\u0420\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430-\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435-\u043e\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f697dec elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"f697dec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-f697dec\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"f697dec\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u041c. \u0410. \u0420\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u2013 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 1917 \u0433. (\u0414\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u2116 1). \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0432 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u041b. \u0418. \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e. \u0412 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0420\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043a \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0441 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u00ab\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u00bb \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>The article reveals one of the key concepts of the political and legal doctrine of M. A. Reisner \u2013 the concept of intuitive class law, which formed the basis for the positivisation of revolutionary legal consciousness in Russia at the end of 1917 (Decree on the Court No. 1). The author attempted to determine not only the specific features and reasons for constructing the concept of class intuitive law, but also to distinguish it from the ideas about intuitive law in the teaching of L. Petrazhycki. The work presents a critical analysis of Reisner's approach to understanding intuitive law, its philosophical and methodological foundations, ideas about the class unification of legal consciousness, the coordination of the class antagonism of intuitive and positive law with the stability and unity of legal order, the relationship and integration of the psychological and ideological \"layers\" of class legal consciousness.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b3d5ce elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"9b3d5ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0320834\" data-id=\"0320834\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1633446 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1633446\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ec2093\" data-id=\"2ec2093\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-9eb84af elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9eb84af\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b092427\" data-id=\"b092427\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bb178f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8bb178f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u042e\u0420\u0418\u0414\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0415 \u041f\u041e\u041d\u042f\u0422\u0418\u0415 \u0422\u0412\u041e\u0420\u0427\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0412\u0410: \u041f\u0420\u041e\u0411\u041b\u0415\u041c\u042b \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041a\u041e\u041d\u0421\u0422\u0420\u0423\u0418\u0420\u041e\u0412\u0410\u041d\u0418\u042f \u0418 \u041f\u0420\u0410\u041a\u0422\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041f\u0420\u0418\u041c\u0415\u041d\u0415\u041d\u0418\u042f<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d505d7f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d505d7f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-88c4e28\" data-id=\"88c4e28\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-83a874a elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"83a874a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-tb-author-meta\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f67791f\" data-id=\"f67791f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f0c762 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8f0c762\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0428\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0422.\u0412.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6cac329\" data-id=\"6cac329\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-607ed10 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"607ed10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d002c6\" data-id=\"3d002c6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-101b45a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"101b45a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">54-64<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cb83bfc\" data-id=\"cb83bfc\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3360c4e elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"3360c4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0428\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u0422.-\u0412.-\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435-\u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435-\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-\u0438-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9826cdd\" data-id=\"9826cdd\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a03867a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a03867a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0428\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u0422.-\u0412.-\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435-\u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435-\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-\u0438-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1aa5dc5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"1aa5dc5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-1aa5dc5\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"1aa5dc5\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u0410\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f 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\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>The relevance of the topic is due to the fundamental role of the concept of \u201ccreativity\u201d in Russian law, its declarativeness in legislation and arising law enforcement problems, especially in the context of the development of artificial intelligence (AI) and creative industries. The fuzzy of criteria makes it difficult to protect the results of intellectual activity (RID), the distinction between plagiarism and parallel creativity, the regulation of the labor of \u201ccreative professions\u201d and the assessment of \u201cmachine creativity\u201d. The aim of the study was to conduct a comprehensive scientific analysis of the legal concept of creativity, identifying the problems of its design and application, and the development of criteria for unifying judicial practice. The author traces the evolution of the interpretation of creativity in legal science, revealing its<br \/>intersectoral character. The key conclusion is that the lack of legal definition and blurring of criteria lead to legal uncertainty. Based on the analysis of the doctrine and judicial practice, the objectivating criteria for creative contribution are formulated: 1) originality (uniqueness reflecting the identity of the author); 2) novelty (objective or subjective); 3) intellectual contribution (going beyond technical work). The article concludes that the legal concept of creativity requires a flexible approach that combines doctrinal foundations with practical needs. The proposed criteria are designed to minimize judicial arbitrariness and ensure the uniformity of practice, which is especially important in the context of digitalization and use of AI. The concept of creativity should develop dynamically, recognizing the determining role of the human contribution even with the use of new technologies.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-320d346 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"320d346\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d4151d8\" data-id=\"d4151d8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c3de641 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c3de641\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-42edf55\" data-id=\"42edf55\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-d875914 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d875914\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1c5ae11\" data-id=\"1c5ae11\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fb1f43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6fb1f43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u042e\u0420\u0418\u0414\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u0410\u042f \u041d\u0410\u0423\u041a\u0410 \u0418 \u041a\u041e\u041d\u0426\u0415\u041f\u0422\u0423\u0410\u041b\u042c\u041d\u041e\u0415 \u041e\u0411\u041e\u0421\u041d\u041e\u0412\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0415 \u0417\u0410\u041a\u041e\u041d\u041e\u0414\u0410\u0422\u0415\u041b\u042c\u041d\u041e\u0419 \u0414\u0415\u042f\u0422\u0415\u041b\u042c\u041d\u041e\u0421\u0422\u0418<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-8859d95 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8859d95\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d6c0828\" data-id=\"d6c0828\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cda6bf elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"4cda6bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-tb-author-meta\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7fb6fbe\" data-id=\"7fb6fbe\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d7023cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d7023cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u042e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0415.\u0410.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-acb4b63\" data-id=\"acb4b63\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7124991 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"7124991\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ada553b\" data-id=\"ada553b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a91fc79 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a91fc79\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">65-76<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c14d149\" data-id=\"c14d149\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6af26e6 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"6af26e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u042e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0430-\u0415.-\u0410.-\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430-\u0438-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435-\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435-\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439-\u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element 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href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u042e\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0430-\u0415.-\u0410.-\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430-\u0438-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435-\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435-\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439-\u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07ca1ea elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"07ca1ea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-07ca1ea\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"07ca1ea\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0443, \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u044f\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435. \u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>The practice of legislative activity in Russia corresponds to modern demands and reflects the current political and legal agenda, responding to emerging needs and problems. However, at the same time, ensuring legislation as a scientifically verified, unified, purposeful, constantly modernizing activities still requires doctrinal justification, support and critical reflection. This formulation of the question presupposes conceptualization for subsequent practical implementation of the main ideas of the development of Russian legislation as an area for testing modern social practices, and will help eliminate inconveniences, including institutional obstacles that could potentially create conditions for conflict between norms, social expectations, and government decisions. Special attention is paid to the problems of goal orientation and balance of social activity in legislation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d996fd elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"1d996fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a4860c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7a4860c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0410\u041d\u0422\u0420\u041e\u041f\u041e\u041b\u041e\u0413\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u0418\u0415 \u041f\u0420\u041e\u0411\u041b\u0415\u041c\u042b \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u0410<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cbbcc76\" data-id=\"cbbcc76\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-733588b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"733588b\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-01f07d3\" data-id=\"01f07d3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-708b103 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"708b103\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-31e7747\" data-id=\"31e7747\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8536116 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8536116\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0414\u0415\u0422\u0415\u0420\u041c\u0418\u041d\u0410\u041d\u0422\u042b \u041c\u0423\u0421\u0423\u041b\u042c\u041c\u0410\u041d\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u0410 \u0412 \u0420\u0410\u0417\u041b\u0418\u0427\u041d\u042b\u0425 \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u041e\u0412\u042b\u0425 \u0421\u0418\u0421\u0422\u0415\u041c\u0410\u0425<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-2bff683 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2bff683\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3dd2601\" data-id=\"3dd2601\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61e00e6 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"61e00e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-tb-author-meta\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6022758\" data-id=\"6022758\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03d4f9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"03d4f9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0410\u0445\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0423. \u041d., \u0421\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u041a. \u0418. <\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-52d572a\" data-id=\"52d572a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25b0003 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"25b0003\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-26a0687\" data-id=\"26a0687\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8d5d5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f8d5d5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">77-83<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6453601\" data-id=\"6453601\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff328ac elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"ff328ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0410\u0445\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432-\u0423.-\u041d.-\u0421\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e-\u041a.-\u0418.-\u0414\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b-\u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430-\u0432-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5093ca9\" data-id=\"5093ca9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a192e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a192e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0410\u0445\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432-\u0423.-\u041d.-\u0421\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e-\u041a.-\u0418.-\u0414\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b-\u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430-\u0432-\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54011ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"54011ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-54011ab\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"54011ab\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0444\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043e\u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0411\u043b\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0412\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430. \u041f\u043e \u0441\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430. \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043a \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0443 \u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0443\u0441\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u2013 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u0421\u0443\u043d\u043d\u044b, \u043a\u0438\u044f\u0441\u0430, \u0438\u0434\u0436\u043c\u044b.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>The article is devoted to the analysis of the factors of development and formation of the Muslim legal system, which is a legal phenomenon covering the entire spectrum of diverse legal relations and legal activities carried out in various forms in the countries of the Middle East. To this day, the issue of assessing the legal nature of Muslim law is debatable. The article consistently examines the conceptual foundations of understanding the source of law in relation to Muslim law and analyzes the role and significance in the legal regulation of the main sources of Muslim law: Quran, Sunnah, Kiyas, Ijma.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a75271d elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a75271d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b0c358b\" data-id=\"b0c358b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c0373a3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c0373a3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b33894d\" data-id=\"b33894d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-20e032d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"20e032d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b67262f\" data-id=\"b67262f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2148cf1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2148cf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u042e\u0420\u0418\u0414\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u0410\u042f \u041a\u041e\u041d\u0421\u0422\u0420\u0423\u041a\u0426\u0418\u042f \u041a\u0410\u041a \u0418\u041d\u0421\u0422\u0420\u0423\u041c\u0415\u041d\u0422 \u0421\u0418\u0421\u0422\u0415\u041c\u0410\u0422\u0418\u0417\u0410\u0426\u0418\u0418 \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u041e\u0412\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041c\u0410\u0422\u0415\u0420\u0418\u0410\u041b\u0410 \u0412 \u0414\u0420\u0415\u0412\u041d\u0415\u0418\u041d\u0414\u0418\u0419\u0421\u041a\u0418\u0425 \u0414\u0425\u0410\u0420\u041c\u0410\u0428\u0410\u0421\u0422\u0420\u0410\u0425<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-b021997 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b021997\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4583e29\" data-id=\"4583e29\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c62ccde elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"c62ccde\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-tb-author-meta\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-18bb4ca\" data-id=\"18bb4ca\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d0c0070 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d0c0070\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0411\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u042f. \u0412.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-26d496e\" data-id=\"26d496e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1df7a0c elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"1df7a0c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-cc7f98c\" data-id=\"cc7f98c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ef3fd3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4ef3fd3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">84-92<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d9ced4c\" data-id=\"d9ced4c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f831de elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"5f831de\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0411\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u042f.-\u0412.-\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f-\u043a\u0430\u043a-\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430-\u0432-\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445-\u0434\u0445\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7614a61\" data-id=\"7614a61\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e48cd49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e48cd49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0411\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430-\u042f.-\u0412.-\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f-\u043a\u0430\u043a-\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442-\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430-\u0432-\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445-\u0434\u0445\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0445.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ab365f elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"6ab365f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-6ab365f\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"6ab365f\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e-\u044d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u2013 \u0434\u0445\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u2013 \u0441 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432 \u0448\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440 \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0451\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u0438 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>The article is devoted to the analysis of texts of ancient Indian religious, ethical and legal treatises \u2013 dharmashastras \u2013 from a technical and legal point of view. As a result of the conducted research, it is concluded that when creating the legal chapters of the shastras, their compilers actively used various techniques and means of legal technology, in particular, they carried out the structuring of legal material using a legal structure.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60fcdf8 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"60fcdf8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a0490c2\" data-id=\"a0490c2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5de8066 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5de8066\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1509f9\" data-id=\"a1509f9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d7db05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1d7db05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0421\u0422\u0420\u0410\u041d\u0418\u0427\u041a\u0410 \u041c\u041e\u041b\u041e\u0414\u042b\u0425 \u0423\u0427\u0415\u041d\u042b\u0425<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7969dc9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7969dc9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-08a2bf6\" data-id=\"08a2bf6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-742a945 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"742a945\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0421\u041e\u0412\u0415\u0422\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0415 \u041e\u0411\u0429\u0415\u041d\u0410\u0420\u041e\u0414\u041d\u041e\u0415 \u0413\u041e\u0421\u0423\u0414\u0410\u0420\u0421\u0422\u0412\u041e: \u041f\u041e\u041b\u0418\u0422\u0418\u041a\u041e-\u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u041e\u0412\u0410\u042f \u0418\u041b\u0418 \u041f\u0420\u041e\u041f\u0410\u0413\u0410\u041d\u0414\u0418\u0421\u0422\u0421\u041a\u0410\u042f \u041a\u041e\u041d\u0421\u0422\u0420\u0423\u041a\u0426\u0418\u042f?<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-34b5528 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"34b5528\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b82c77e\" data-id=\"b82c77e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15f05ca elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"15f05ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm 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data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6303df elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"a6303df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-63c9ac6\" data-id=\"63c9ac6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fb190a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4fb190a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">93-100<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-f744662\" data-id=\"f744662\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03130f4 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"03130f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0438\u043a-\u0414.-\u042d.-\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435-\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435-\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f-\u0438\u043b\u0438-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1086ca1\" data-id=\"1086ca1\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2cc4c1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2cc4c1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0447\u0438\u043a-\u0414.-\u042d.-\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435-\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435-\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f-\u0438\u043b\u0438-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-556bec8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"556bec8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-556bec8\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"556bec8\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 (42 % \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044e \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u2013 \u0412\u0426\u0418\u041e\u041c, 2023). \u0415\u0435 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u044b (\u0440\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u043c\u044b, \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u044b). \u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420, \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0435. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e-\u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432, \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0434\u043e 85 %, \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0435) \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435\u0439: \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0438 (\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0435\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u043c\u044b) \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440, \u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u00ab\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u00bb \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f. \u041e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 (\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0431\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0438) \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0440\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u0440.).<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>The study of the concept of the Soviet nationwide state is relevant in the context of modern demands on democracy (42 % of Russians support the idea of power expressing the interests of the people \u2013 VTsIOM, 2023). Its analysis allows you to identify the risks of replacing real mechanisms for citizens' participation with ideological declarations and develop models for strengthening the legitimacy of power through legal institutions (referendums, public initiatives). The aim of the study was to distinguish between political and legal content and propaganda aspects of the construction of a public state in the USSR, assessing the degree of implementation of its principles in practice. The concept of a national state was not exclusively propaganda. It was based on objective socio-economic changes (the elimination of antagonistic classes, the growth of the working class up to 85 %, the dominance of the public sector in the economy) and the developed theoretical base of Soviet lawyers. However, its implementation was determined by ideology: the institutes of direct democracy (popular discussions, referendums) were formal in nature, and the declared \u201cpopular sovereignty\u201d was not provided by independent control mechanisms. Separate elements of the concept (the priority of democracy, the balance of representative and direct democracy) can be adapted in modern Russia, subject to their deideologization and reinforcement by real procedures (electronic petitions with a mandatory response of the authorities, reforming the recall of deputies, etc.).<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a84a1af elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a84a1af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b73adf3\" data-id=\"b73adf3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d321f37 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d321f37\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5dbf0f5\" data-id=\"5dbf0f5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-57a1a5e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"57a1a5e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ee58ee3\" data-id=\"ee58ee3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db99777 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"db99777\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041a\u041e\u041d\u0426\u0415\u041f\u0426\u0418\u042f \u041d\u0410\u0420\u041e\u0414\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041f\u0420\u0410\u0412\u041e\u0421\u0423\u0414\u0418\u042f \u0412 \u0421\u041e\u0412\u0415\u0422\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0419 \u042e\u0420\u0418\u0414\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0419 \u0414\u041e\u041a\u0422\u0420\u0418\u041d\u0415<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f592300 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f592300\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-485f8f6\" data-id=\"485f8f6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e11a0b0 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"e11a0b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-tb-author-meta\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-18e600f\" data-id=\"18e600f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-893eb31 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"893eb31\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0421\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0410. \u0410.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d303753\" data-id=\"d303753\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-176074a elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"176074a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-0f63d79\" data-id=\"0f63d79\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1509c1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1509c1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">101-109<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-035e29f\" data-id=\"035e29f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0078e5d elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"0078e5d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0421\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e-\u0410.-\u0410.-\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f-\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u044f-\u0432-\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3071139\" data-id=\"3071139\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9ee73cd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9ee73cd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0421\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e-\u0410.-\u0410.-\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f-\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u044f-\u0432-\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0435.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c568c2c elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"c568c2c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-c568c2c\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"c568c2c\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u043e \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0435. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u0438\u0445 \u044d\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0443. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e 1917 \u0433. \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 (\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u044f\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0439), \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 (\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u044b, \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u044b \u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0439). \u041a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438: \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f 1920\u2011\u0445 \u0433\u0433. \u0434\u043e \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u00ab\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430\u00bb (\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438, \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0440.).<br \/>\u0412 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0443\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440, \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e (\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0436\u0443\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e) \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430\u00bb \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u044f. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0439\u043d\u043e-\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>The study of the concept of popular justice in the USSR is important for understanding the evolution of democratic elements of the Russian judicial system, as well as in resolving the issue of the degree of involvement of citizens in modern justice. The purpose of the article was to identify scientific<br \/>approaches to this concept in Soviet jurisprudence, an analysis of their evolution and influence on practice. It was established that until 1917 the idea was fragmented (the Institute of Jurisdiction, Peace of Peace), after the revolution it was transformed into a systemic doctrine under the influence of<br \/>the Marxist-Leninist ideology (analysis of the Paris Commune, Leninist theses about the electorality of judges). The key stages of the development of the concept: from the revolutionary legal awareness of the 1920s to the formalized institutions of \u201cdeveloped socialism\u201d (people's assessors, friendly courts, etc.). During the study, such features of the Soviet concept of folk justice as its class entity, educational nature, denial of formal (bourgeois) justice, the justification of the \u201cdemocracy\u201d of the court through its simplification and accessibility, the theoretical erection of the institution of people's assessors into the key mechanism of the nationality of Soviet justice and public courts as the highest form of justice. All these features were ideologized and served as a substantiation of the specifics of the Soviet judicial system and its subordination to party and state tasks.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a0aef30 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"a0aef30\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-16463c7\" data-id=\"16463c7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a48c966 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a48c966\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f624e7d\" data-id=\"f624e7d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c359856 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c359856\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0420\u0415\u0426\u0415\u041d\u0417\u0418\u0418, \u041e\u0411\u0417\u041e\u0420\u042b<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-25cfff5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"25cfff5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3c137bb\" data-id=\"3c137bb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b08ba8d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b08ba8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041e\u0411\u0417\u041e\u0420 \u0427\u0415\u0422\u0412\u0415\u0420\u0422\u041e\u0419 \u041c\u0415\u0416\u0414\u0423\u041d\u0410\u0420\u041e\u0414\u041d\u041e\u0419 \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e-\u041f\u0420\u0410\u041a\u0422\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0419 \u041a\u041e\u041d\u0424\u0415\u0420\u0415\u041d\u0426\u0418\u0418\n\u00ab\u042e\u0420\u0418\u0414\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u0418\u0415 \u041a\u041e\u041d\u0424\u041b\u0418\u041a\u0422\u042b \u0421\u041e\u0412\u0420\u0415\u041c\u0415\u041d\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041c\u0418\u0420\u0410 \u2013 2025\u00bb (\u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0436, 28 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044f 2025 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class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-tb-author-meta\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a45f648\" data-id=\"a45f648\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75ede62 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"75ede62\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0417\u0430\u0432\u044c\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0418. \u0421.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-2f95d73\" data-id=\"2f95d73\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac678dd elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"ac678dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-05a0cae\" data-id=\"05a0cae\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-991f217 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"991f217\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">110-122<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5746909\" data-id=\"5746909\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1cc541 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"c1cc541\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u041e\u0411\u0417\u041e\u0420-\u0427\u0415\u0422\u0412\u0415\u0420\u0422\u041e\u0419-\u041c\u0415\u0416\u0414\u0423\u041d\u0410\u0420\u041e\u0414\u041d\u041e\u0419-\u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e-\u041f\u0420\u0410\u041a\u0422\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0419-\u041a\u041e\u041d\u0424\u0415\u0420\u0415\u041d\u0426\u0418\u0418-\u042e\u0420\u0418\u0414\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u0418\u0415-\u041a\u041e\u041d\u0424\u041b\u0418\u041a\u0422\u042b-\u0421\u041e\u0412\u0415\u0420\u041c\u0415\u041d\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e-\u041c\u0418\u0420\u0410-2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-523b225\" data-id=\"523b225\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b6b0004 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b6b0004\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"http:\/\/jourlac.ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u041e\u0411\u0417\u041e\u0420-\u0427\u0415\u0422\u0412\u0415\u0420\u0422\u041e\u0419-\u041c\u0415\u0416\u0414\u0423\u041d\u0410\u0420\u041e\u0414\u041d\u041e\u0419-\u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e-\u041f\u0420\u0410\u041a\u0422\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0419-\u041a\u041e\u041d\u0424\u0415\u0420\u0415\u041d\u0426\u0418\u0418-\u042e\u0420\u0418\u0414\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u0418\u0415-\u041a\u041e\u041d\u0424\u041b\u0418\u041a\u0422\u042b-\u0421\u041e\u0412\u0415\u0420\u041c\u0415\u041d\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e-\u041c\u0418\u0420\u0410-2025.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5eb71e0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"5eb71e0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-5eb71e0\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"5eb71e0\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u0412 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0427\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u00ab\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u2013 2025\u00bb, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 28 \u0444\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044f 2025 \u0433.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>The review presents the abstracts of the reports presented by the participants of the Fourth International Scientific and Practical Conference \u00abLegal Conflicts of the Modern World\u00bb, held at the Scientific and Educational Center for Legal Anthropology and Conflictology Studies of the Law Faculty of Voronezh State University on February 28, 2025.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21b8530 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"21b8530\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e590e24\" data-id=\"e590e24\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cb60a0e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cb60a0e\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9677491\" data-id=\"9677491\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-78c4975 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"78c4975\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a7ddc67\" data-id=\"a7ddc67\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d234703 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d234703\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041e\u0411\u0417\u041e\u0420 \u0412\u0421\u0415\u0420\u041e\u0421\u0421\u0418\u0419\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041d\u0410\u0423\u0427\u041d\u041e-\u041f\u0420\u0410\u041a\u0422\u0418\u0427\u0415\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0413\u041e \u041a\u0420\u0423\u0413\u041b\u041e\u0413\u041e \u0421\u0422\u041e\u041b\u0410, \u041f\u041e\u0421\u0412\u042f\u0429\u0415\u041d\u041d\u041e\u0413\u041e 95-\u041b\u0415\u0422\u0418\u042e \u041f\u0420\u041e\u0424\u0415\u0421\u0421\u041e\u0420\u0410 \u0418. \u0410. \u0413\u0410\u041b\u0410\u0413\u0410\u041d\u0410 (\u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0436, 28 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 2025 \u0433.)<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-04865d3 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"04865d3\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_ha_eqh_enable&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b00856e\" data-id=\"b00856e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ea100f elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"2ea100f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"hm hm-tb-author-meta\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-dd950c4\" data-id=\"dd950c4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b93dde5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b93dde5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u041c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u041d.\u0412.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-dada15f\" data-id=\"dada15f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcacf8d elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"fcacf8d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-bookmark\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-218fec5\" data-id=\"218fec5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c446d88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c446d88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">123-131<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9c9f93f\" data-id=\"9c9f93f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8d23f68 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"8d23f68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"http:\/\/\u041c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f%20\u041d.%20\u0412.%20\u041e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440%20\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e%20\u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e%20\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e%20\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430%20\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e%2095-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044e%20\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430%20\u0418.%20\u0410.%20\u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0430\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-file-pdf\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-16 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-55cd83e\" data-id=\"55cd83e\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a791ce elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1a791ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"http:\/\/\u041c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f%20\u041d.%20\u0412.%20\u041e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440%20\u0412\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e%20\u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e%20\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e%20\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430%20\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e%2095-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044e%20\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430%20\u0418.%20\u0410.%20\u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0430\" target=\"_blank\">PDF (RUS)<\/a><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fc1dd6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-eael-adv-tabs\" data-id=\"4fc1dd6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"eael-adv-tabs.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t        <div id=\"eael-advance-tabs-4fc1dd6\" class=\"eael-advance-tabs eael-tabs-horizontal \" data-tabid=\"4fc1dd6\">\n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-nav\">\n                <ul class=\"\">\n                                            <li id=\"\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"true\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">\u0410\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                            <li id=\"abstract\" class=\"inactive eael-tab-item-trigger\" aria-selected=\"false\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-controls=\"abstract-tab\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n                            \n                            \n                            \n                                                            <span class=\"eael-tab-title  title-after-icon\">Abstract<\/span>                                                    <\/li>\n                                    <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            \n            <div class=\"eael-tabs-content\">\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>\u0412 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0441\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0412\u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u00ab\u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e. \u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c: \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0418. \u0410. \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0430\u00bb, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 28 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430 2025 \u0433. \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u044b \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u044b \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0412\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0436\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t        \n                    <div id=\"abstract-tab\" class=\"clearfix eael-tab-content-item inactive\" data-title-link=\"abstract-tab\">\n\t\t\t\t        \t\t\t\t\t        <p>The review presents abstracts of the reports presented by the participants of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Round Table \"State. Law. Responsibility: Scientific Legacy of Professor I. A. Galagan\", held at the Faculty of Law of Voronezh State University on March 28th, 2025 with the participation of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of Voronezh State University, the Department of Administrative and Administrative Procedural Law of Voronezh State University and the Scientific and Educational Center of Legal Anthropology and Conflictology of the Faculty of Law of Voronezh State University.<\/p>\t\t\t\t                            <\/div>\n\t\t                    <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35f245f elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"35f245f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span 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\u0422\u0435\u043a\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u044b \u0420\u0423\u0421 ENG \u0420\u0423\u0421 \u0421\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e&#8211;\u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u0416\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u044e\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0438\u00bb \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f 4 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u0412 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e 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